Direct: Citizens vote directly. Representative: Citizens elect representatives.

Parliamentary: Executive is part of legislature. Presidential: Executive is separate.

Direct citizen involvement in decision-making.

Power distributed among many interest groups.

Power held by a small, powerful group.

Power is spread among different groups.

Too many interest groups, making it hard to govern.

Madison's argument for a large republic to control factions.

Anti-Federalist argument against a strong central government.

The supreme law of the U.S.

Citizens vote directly on laws and policies.

Citizens elect representatives to make decisions.

Large republic controls factions by making it harder for a single group to dominate.

Fears a powerful central government and elected officials becoming an elite class.