Delegate vs. Trustee model of representation?
Delegate: Vote based on constituents' wishes. Trustee: Vote based on own judgment.
Judicial Restraint vs. Judicial Activism?
Judicial Restraint: Strict interpretation. Judicial Activism: Protects unenumerated rights.
House of Representatives vs. Senate?
House: 435 members, population-based. Senate: 100 members, 2 per state.
Define 'checks and balances'.
System where branches limit each other's power.
What is 'judicial review'?
Courts determine constitutionality of actions.
Define 'gerrymandering'.
Redrawing district lines for party advantage.
What is a 'filibuster'?
Senate delaying tactic; talking a bill to death.
Define 'cloture'.
Vote to end a Senate filibuster (60 votes).
What is 'pork barrel legislation'?
Funding for local projects (earmarks).
Define 'divided government'.
Different parties control executive and legislative branches.
What is the 'bully pulpit'?
President's ability to influence public opinion via media.
Define 'stare decisis'.
Courts follow precedent (previous court decisions).
What is 'judicial restraint'?
Strict interpretation of the Constitution.
Define 'judicial activism'.
Courts protect rights not explicitly in Constitution.
What is 'discretionary authority'?
Bureaucracy's power to decide how to implement laws.
Define 'iron triangles'.
Relationship between committees, agencies, interest groups.
Purpose of the War Powers Act?
Limits presidential power to deploy troops.
