All Flashcards
Compare Hobbes and Rousseau's views on the social contract.
Hobbes: People need a strong government to control them. Rousseau: Government should serve the people's will.
Compare the views of the Federalists and Anti-Federalists.
Federalists: Supported a strong central government. Anti-Federalists: Favored states' rights and individual liberties.
Compare the American and French Revolutions.
American Revolution: Focused on independence and self-governance. French Revolution: Aimed at overthrowing the monarchy and aristocracy.
Compare direct and representative democracy.
Direct democracy: Citizens vote directly on policies. Representative democracy: Citizens elect representatives to make decisions.
Compare the First and Second Continental Congresses.
First Continental Congress: Sought to address grievances with Britain. Second Continental Congress: Declared independence and managed the war effort.
Compare the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution.
Articles of Confederation: Weak central government, states retained significant power. Constitution: Stronger central government with defined powers.
Compare the views of Locke and Hobbes on human nature.
Locke: Believed humans are rational and capable of self-governance. Hobbes: Believed humans are selfish and need a strong ruler.
Compare the ideas of the Enlightenment and the Great Awakening.
Enlightenment: Emphasized reason and individualism. Great Awakening: Focused on religious revival and emotional experience.
Compare the views of Paine and the Loyalists.
Paine: Advocated for immediate independence. Loyalists: Remained loyal to the British Crown.
Compare the views of the Federalists and Anti-Federalists on the Bill of Rights.
Federalists: Initially opposed a Bill of Rights, believing it was unnecessary. Anti-Federalists: Demanded a Bill of Rights to protect individual liberties.
What were the causes and effects of the Enlightenment?
Causes: Intellectual curiosity, scientific revolution. Effects: Emphasis on reason, individualism, skepticism, influenced revolutions.
What were the causes and effects of 'Common Sense'?
Causes: Colonial grievances, Paine's writing. Effects: Shifted public opinion towards independence, unified colonies.
What were the causes and effects of the Declaration of Independence?
Causes: Lee Resolution, desire for foreign support. Effects: Formal declaration of independence, justification for revolution.
What were the causes and effects of Locke's ideas?
Causes: Enlightenment thought, emphasis on individual rights. Effects: Influenced the Declaration of Independence, justified revolution.
What were the causes and effects of Montesquieu's ideas?
Causes: Desire to prevent tyranny, Enlightenment thought. Effects: Influenced the structure of American government, separation of powers.
What were the causes and effects of Rousseau's ideas?
Causes: Enlightenment thought, emphasis on the common good. Effects: Influenced the concept of social contract, justified popular sovereignty.
What were the causes and effects of British policies?
Causes: British attempts to assert control over the colonies. Effects: Increased colonial resentment, leading to the American Revolution.
What were the causes and effects of colonial resistance?
Causes: British policies, Enlightenment ideas. Effects: Increased tension with Britain, leading to the American Revolution.
What were the causes and effects of the American Revolution?
Causes: British policies, Enlightenment ideas, colonial resistance. Effects: Creation of the United States, spread of democratic ideals.
What were the causes and effects of the Committee of Five?
Causes: Second Continental Congress, need for a declaration of independence. Effects: Drafting of the Declaration of Independence, justification for revolution.
What is the Enlightenment?
An 18th-century European intellectual movement emphasizing reason, individualism, and skepticism.
What is 'Tabula Rasa'?
The idea that people are born as a blank slate, shaped by experiences.
What are natural rights?
Rights inherent to all humans, such as life, liberty, and property (Locke).
What is separation of powers?
Dividing government into different branches to prevent tyranny (Montesquieu).
What are checks and balances?
A system where different branches of government limit each other's power.
What is the social contract?
People give up some freedoms for government protection and benefits.
Define republicanism.
A political ideology centered on citizenship in a state organized as a republic under which the people hold popular sovereignty.
What is democracy?
A system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives.
Define aristocracy.
A form of government in which power is held by the nobility.
What is meant by 'self-governance'?
Political control exercised over one's own affairs; autonomy.