A leading politician who promoted the American System and led the Whig Party.

The 'People's President' who ushered in an era of increased political participation but also enacted the Indian Removal Act.

The Supreme Court Chief Justice who established the principle of judicial review.

A prominent abolitionist who published 'The Liberator', advocating for immediate emancipation.

A former slave who became a powerful voice against slavery and published 'The North Star'.

A leader of the women's rights movement who challenged laws restricting women's rights.

A leader of the women's rights movement who challenged laws restricting women's rights.

A charismatic preacher who led many revivals during the Second Great Awakening.

President of the United States who orchestrated the Louisiana Purchase.

Argued that slavery was beneficial to both slaves and society.

First Great Awakening: religious revival, individual salvation. Second Great Awakening: social reform, new denominations, women's roles.

Both advocated for abolition, but Garrison favored immediate emancipation while Douglass emphasized political action and self-reliance.

Temperance Movement: aimed to reduce alcohol consumption through moral suasion. Women's Rights Movement: challenged laws restricting women's rights through activism and advocacy.

Jeffersonian: favored limited government and agrarianism. Jacksonian: favored increased political participation for the common man and a strong executive.

American System: economic development through infrastructure and tariffs. Manifest Destiny: territorial expansion across the continent.

North: Industrialization, urbanization, wage labor. South: Agricultural economy, reliance on slavery, limited industrial development.

Whigs: Supported a strong federal government, national bank, and protective tariffs. Democrats: Favored limited government, states' rights, and individual liberty.

Both acquisitions intensified the debate over whether new territories should be free or slave, leading to compromises and conflicts.

Abolitionist movement sought to end slavery, while the temperance movement aimed to reduce alcohol consumption. Both were driven by moral and social concerns.

Marbury v. Madison established judicial review, while McCulloch v. Maryland reinforced the implied powers of the Constitution, both strengthening the Supreme Court's role.

Causes: Technological innovation, demand for goods. Effects: Factory system, urbanization, changing gender roles.

Causes: Belief in American exceptionalism, desire for land. Effects: Westward expansion, conflict with Native Americans, debate over slavery.

Causes: Desire for spiritual renewal, social anxieties. Effects: Reform movements, new religions, increased women's roles.

Causes: Opportunity to expand U.S. territory, desire to control Mississippi River. Effects: Doubled the size of the U.S., opened new territories, fueled westward expansion.

Causes: Growing tensions over slavery, need to maintain balance in Congress. Effects: Temporarily eased tensions, but ultimately failed to resolve the slavery issue.

Causes: Desire for Native American lands, belief in white superiority. Effects: Forced removal of Native Americans, Trail of Tears, loss of Native American culture.

Causes: Brutality of slavery, desire for freedom. Effects: Increased fear among slaveholders, stricter slave codes, heightened tensions over slavery.

Causes: Disagreement over tariffs, belief in states' rights. Effects: Showdown between South Carolina and federal government, threat of secession, debate over federal power.

Causes: Jackson's distrust of the national bank, belief in limited government. Effects: Destruction of the national bank, economic instability, rise of the Whig Party.

Causes: U.S. expansionist ambitions, victory in the Mexican-American War. Effects: Acquisition of vast territories, increased sectional tensions over slavery, debate over the Wilmot Proviso.