American Expansion, 1800–1848

Expansion of domestic markets

Decrease in immigration rates

Decline in urban population growth

Rise of isolationist policies

They represented a new workforce of unmarried women who lived and independently while working in factories.

Women dominated the skilled trades due to the gender-specific nature of industrial machinery designs and operations.

Women entered factory work but maintained traditional roles as homemakers and caretakers outside their industrial employment.

Work in Lowell mills offered increased wages leading to higher standards of living for female workers across the country.

Increased demand for cotton

Increased demand for wheat

Decreased demand for rice

Decreased demand for coal

Telegraph

Steam engine

Spinning jenny

Cotton gin

Regional differences stemmed primarily from contrasting educational systems across states influencing workforce skills.

Uneven distribution of population growth rates determined varying economic pathways among regions.

Varied geographic features and resources led to distinct regional specializations in agriculture and industry.

Different ethnic compositions influenced each region’s choice between farming and manufacturing pursuits.

Both periods saw complete elimination of child labor across all industries.

Labor conditions during both eras were uniformly perfect without any issues.

No economic inequality existed during the Market Revolution, unlike today.

Both periods experienced some degree of labor exploitation and economic inequality despite progress.

Rapid urbanization as artisans shifted away from handcrafted goods production.

Decreased demand for enslaved labor in Southern plantations due to inefficiencies.

Slower production and repairs due to lack of standardized weaponry components.

A reduction in cotton textile production due to increased labor costs.

Criticism of America's focus on expansion over maintaining social values

Enthusiasm and support for industrial progress

Concerns about environmental degradation due to industrialization

Anxieties regarding the loss of traditional employment to automation

To commemorate the advancements in transportation technology of the period

To capture the socio-economic disparities arising from industrialization

To bolster American patriotism by depicting significant national achievements

To critique the ecological consequences of industrial advancements

It pushed for a decrease in immigrant labor to prevent job loss for native workers and an emphasis on agricultural subsidies to counterbalance the growth of industry.

It lead to calls for regulation of working hours and conditions due to increasing factory employment and the use of powered machinery.

It created a dependency on imports, hampering domestic production and leading to a decline in American self-sufficiency.

It prioritized deregulation and entrepreneurship to spur innovation.