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What is a pandemic?
A widespread epidemic occurring over a large geographic area and affecting a significant proportion of the population.
What is an epidemic?
A widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time.
Define contagious disease.
A disease that is transmitted from person to person or animal to person.
Define chronic disease.
A non-transmissible disease, often related to aging or lifestyle factors.
What is Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)?
A preventative treatment, like Truvada, highly effective in preventing HIV transmission.
Define Tuberculosis (TB).
An infectious disease that is airborne and spread through coughs and sneezes.
Define Cholera.
A bacterial infection spread through contaminated water, causing severe diarrhea and dehydration.
Define Malaria.
A disease caused by a parasite transmitted by mosquitoes, leading to fever, chills, and potentially death.
Define Alzheimer's Disease.
A neurological condition primarily affecting older adults, leading to memory loss and cognitive decline.
What is H1N1 flu?
Also known as the Spanish Flu, a particularly deadly influenza pandemic.
What were the causes and effects of the Spanish Flu pandemic?
Cause: H1N1 virus, spread by troop movements during WWI. Effects: Millions dead, increased public health measures.
What are the causes and effects of increased chronic diseases in MDCs?
Cause: Increased life expectancy, lifestyle factors. Effects: Higher rates of heart disease, cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer's.
What are the causes and effects of HIV-AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa?
Cause: Limited access to contraception, high rates of STIs. Effects: Widespread infection, strain on healthcare systems.
What were the causes and effects of Cholera?
Cause: Bacterial infection through contaminated water. Effects: Severe diarrhea, dehydration, and potential death.
What were the causes and effects of Tuberculosis (TB)?
Cause: Airborne transmission. Effects: Lung damage, respiratory illness, and potential death.
What were the causes and effects of Malaria?
Cause: Parasite transmitted by mosquitoes. Effects: Fever, chills, and potential death.
What were the causes and effects of Alzheimer's Disease?
Cause: Primarily affects older adults. Effects: Memory loss and cognitive decline.
What are the causes and effects of COVID-19?
Cause: Novel coronavirus. Effects: Rapid development of vaccines like Adenovirus and mRNA vaccines.
What is the cause and effect of increased contraceptive usage?
Cause: Increased access to contraception. Effect: Lower rates of STIs like HIV-AIDS.
What is the cause and effect of vaccine development?
Cause: Medical advancements. Effect: Drastically reduced incidence of many diseases.
Compare contagious and chronic diseases.
Contagious diseases are transmissible, while chronic diseases are non-transmissible and often related to lifestyle or aging.
Compare disease patterns in MDCs and LDCs.
MDCs have higher rates of chronic diseases due to longer life expectancies, while LDCs often struggle more with contagious diseases.
Compare the social impacts of the Spanish Flu and HIV-AIDS.
Spanish Flu led to immediate public health measures. HIV-AIDS led to stigma and long-term public health campaigns.
Compare the economic impacts of the Spanish Flu and COVID-19.
Both caused economic downturns, but COVID-19 spurred faster vaccine development and reliance on technology.
Compare the approaches to disease prevention in MDCs and LDCs.
MDCs focus on preventative care for chronic diseases (e.g., diet, exercise), while LDCs prioritize controlling infectious diseases through vaccination and sanitation.
Compare the treatment approaches for Malaria and Tuberculosis (TB).
Malaria is treated with antiparasitics, while Tuberculosis (TB) is treated with antibiotics.
Compare the spread of Cholera and Tuberculosis (TB).
Cholera is spread through contaminated water, while Tuberculosis (TB) is airborne.
Compare the impact of vaccines on Polio and Measles.
Vaccines have drastically reduced the incidence of both diseases, with Polio nearly eradicated in many regions.
Compare the global responses to the Spanish Flu and COVID-19 pandemics.
Both pandemics prompted global health responses, but COVID-19 saw faster international collaboration and vaccine development.
Compare the roles of NGOs in addressing HIV-AIDS and Malaria in Sub-Saharan Africa.
NGOs play a crucial role in increasing access to contraception and treatment for HIV-AIDS, as well as distributing mosquito nets and medications for Malaria.