All Flashcards
Define Militarism.
Belief that a nation should maintain a strong military and be prepared to use it aggressively to defend or promote national interests.
Define Alliances.
Agreements between nations to support each other in case of war or conflict.
Define Imperialism.
A policy of extending a country's power and influence through colonization, use of military force, or other means.
Define Nationalism.
Identification with one's own nation and support for its interests, especially to the exclusion or detriment of the interests of other nations.
Define Fascism.
A political ideology that emphasizes the importance of the nation or an ethnic group and the supreme authority of the leader.
Define Communism.
A political theory advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs.
Define Appeasement.
A diplomatic policy of making political, material, or territorial concessions to an aggressive power in order to avoid conflict.
Define Genocide.
The deliberate killing of a large number of people from a particular nation or ethnic group with the aim of destroying that nation or group.
Define Decolonization.
The process by which colonies become independent from the colonizing nation.
Define Cold War.
A state of geopolitical tension after World War II between powers in the Eastern Bloc (Soviet Union and its satellite states) and powers in the Western Bloc (United States, its NATO allies and others).
Compare the causes of WWI and WWII.
WWI: Militarism, alliances, imperialism, nationalism. WWII: Unresolved issues from WWI, rise of fascism, appeasement.
Compare the effects of WWI and WWII.
WWI: Redrawing of European map, League of Nations. WWII: UN, Cold War, decolonization.
Compare Fascism and Communism.
Fascism: Nationalistic, authoritarian, private property allowed. Communism: Internationalist, totalitarian, state-controlled economy.
Compare the League of Nations and the United Nations.
League of Nations: Weak, lacked US participation, failed to prevent WWII. United Nations: Stronger, more inclusive, more effective at peacekeeping.
Compare the impacts of industrialization and new weapons on global conflict.
Industrialization fueled militarism and imperialism, creating more powerful nations. New weapons led to drastic increases in casualties and destruction.
Compare the goals of the Marshall Plan and the Warsaw Pact.
Marshall Plan: US aid to rebuild Western Europe, prevent communism. Warsaw Pact: Soviet response, military alliance of Eastern European nations.
Compare the Mexican Revolution and the Chinese Communist Revolution.
Mexican Revolution: Primarily a social and political revolution focused on land reform. Chinese Revolution: Communist revolution focused on overthrowing the existing government and establishing a communist state.
Compare the short-term and long-term effects of the Great Depression.
Short-term: Widespread unemployment, poverty, bank failures. Long-term: Rise of extremist ideologies, increased government intervention in the economy, WWII.
Compare the causes of anti-imperialist movements in India and Africa.
India: British colonialism, economic exploitation, cultural suppression. Africa: European colonization, resource extraction, political domination.
Compare the effects of the First World War and Second World War on the political landscape of Europe.
First World War: Collapse of empires, creation of new nations, rise of new ideologies. Second World War: Division of Europe, rise of superpowers, beginning of the Cold War.
Causes and effects of Militarism?
Causes: Arms race, belief in military strength. Effects: Increased tensions, potential for large-scale conflict.
Causes and effects of Alliances?
Causes: Desire for security, mutual defense pacts. Effects: Escalation of conflicts, involvement of multiple nations.
Causes and effects of Imperialism?
Causes: Economic competition, desire for resources, nationalism. Effects: Colonial exploitation, conflicts over territory.
Causes and effects of Nationalism?
Causes: Shared culture, language, and history. Effects: Desire for independence, unification movements, ethnic tensions.
Causes and effects of the Great Depression?
Causes: Overproduction, decreased demand, stock market crash. Effects: Unemployment, poverty, rise of extremism.
Causes and effects of the Treaty of Versailles?
Causes: Allied desire to punish Germany after WWI. Effects: German resentment, economic hardship, rise of extremist ideologies.
Causes and effects of the policy of appeasement?
Causes: Desire to avoid war, belief that Hitler's demands were reasonable. Effects: Allowed Hitler to gain power, emboldened aggression, ultimately failed to prevent WWII.
Causes and effects of the dropping of atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki?
Causes: To force Japan's surrender in WWII. Effects: Immediate devastation, long-term health consequences, end of WWII, beginning of the nuclear age.
Causes and effects of the formation of the United Nations?
Causes: Desire for international cooperation after WWII. Effects: Forum for diplomacy, peacekeeping operations, promotion of human rights.
Causes and effects of the Cold War?
Causes: Ideological differences between US and USSR, geopolitical competition. Effects: Arms race, proxy wars, division of Europe.