All Flashcards
Who was Adolf Hitler?
The leader of Nazi Germany, responsible for initiating World War II and the Holocaust.
Who was Benito Mussolini?
The fascist dictator of Italy, allied with Hitler during World War II.
Who was Emperor Hirohito?
The emperor of Japan during World War II, considered a divine figure.
Who was Joseph Stalin?
The dictator of the Soviet Union during World War II, allied with the Allied Powers.
Who was Winston Churchill?
The Prime Minister of Great Britain during World War II, known for his leadership and speeches.
Who was Franklin D. Roosevelt?
The President of the United States during most of World War II, mobilized US industry and led the country through the war.
What was the role of the Ministry of Information (Great Britain)?
Responsible for creating and disseminating propaganda to promote the British war effort and demonize the enemy.
What was the role of the Office of War Information (United States)?
Responsible for creating and disseminating propaganda to promote the US war effort.
Who was Erwin Rommel?
A German field marshal, known as the 'Desert Fox,' who commanded German forces in North Africa.
Who was Dwight D. Eisenhower?
Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force in Europe, responsible for planning and executing the D-Day invasion.
What were the causes and effects of the Treaty of Versailles?
Causes: End of WWI, desire to punish Germany. Effects: German resentment, economic hardship, rise of extremist ideologies.
What were the causes and effects of the Great Depression?
Causes: Stock market crash, economic instability. Effects: Worldwide economic hardship, rise of extremist ideologies, increased international tensions.
What were the causes and effects of Japanese expansionism?
Causes: Need for resources, desire for regional dominance. Effects: Invasion of Manchuria, war with China, increased tensions with the US.
What were the causes and effects of the policy of appeasement?
Causes: Desire to avoid war, belief that Hitler's demands were reasonable. Effects: Allowed Hitler to expand German territory, emboldened further aggression, ultimately failed to prevent war.
What were the causes and effects of the Holocaust?
Causes: Nazi ideology, anti-Semitism, systematic persecution of Jews. Effects: Genocide of millions of Jews, creation of Israel, increased awareness of human rights.
Causes and effects of the use of propaganda during WWII?
Causes: Need to mobilize populations, demonize the enemy, and maintain morale. Effects: Increased support for the war effort, demonization of the enemy, censorship and control of information.
Causes and effects of the US policy of isolationism before WWII?
Causes: Desire to avoid foreign entanglements, focus on domestic issues. Effects: Delayed US entry into the war, allowed Axis powers to expand, ultimately unsustainable after Pearl Harbor.
Causes and effects of the development of the atomic bomb?
Causes: Fear of German nuclear weapons, desire to end the war quickly. Effects: Devastation of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japanese surrender, beginning of the nuclear age and Cold War.
Causes and effects of the Soviet collectivization policy?
Causes: Stalin's desire to modernize agriculture and consolidate power. Effects: Widespread famine, resistance from peasants, increased state control over agriculture.
Causes and effects of the Allied bombing campaigns during WWII?
Causes: To weaken enemy industry, disrupt supply lines, and demoralize the population. Effects: Widespread destruction of cities, civilian casualties, disruption of enemy war effort.
What was the significance of Pearl Harbor?
The surprise attack by Japan on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, led to the US entering World War II.
What was the significance of the Battle of Stalingrad?
A major turning point on the Eastern Front, halting the German advance into the Soviet Union.
What was the significance of D-Day (June 6, 1944)?
The Allied invasion of Normandy, marking the beginning of the liberation of Western Europe from Nazi control.
What was the significance of the dropping of atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki?
Led to Japan's surrender and the end of World War II, but also demonstrated the devastating power of nuclear weapons.
What was the 'Great Purge' in the Soviet Union?
A period of political repression and executions under Joseph Stalin, eliminating perceived enemies of the state.
What was the impact of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria?
Marked an early act of aggression by Japan, violating international agreements and setting the stage for further expansion.
What was the Battle of Britain?
An aerial campaign by the German Luftwaffe against Britain in 1940; Britain's successful defense prevented a German invasion.
What was the Wannsee Conference?
A meeting of Nazi officials in 1942 to coordinate the 'Final Solution,' the systematic extermination of Jews.
What was the Battle of Midway?
A crucial naval battle in the Pacific, where the US Navy decisively defeated the Japanese fleet, marking a turning point in the Pacific Theater.
What was the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact?
A non-aggression pact between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union in 1939, which secretly divided Eastern Europe into spheres of influence.