All Flashcards
When did Francisco Franco rule Spain?
1936-1975. His rule was marked by violence and oppression.
When did Idi Amin rule Uganda?
1971-1979. His rule was characterized by atrocities and persecution.
When did Augusto Pinochet rule Chile?
1974-1990. His rule was marked by human rights abuses and the reversal of land reforms.
What was the Salt March?
A nonviolent protest led by Mahatma Gandhi in India to defy British salt laws.
What were the 9/11 attacks?
A series of coordinated terrorist attacks by al-Qaeda against the United States on September 11, 2001.
What was the Shining Path insurgency in Peru?
A violent insurgency led by the Maoist guerrilla group Shining Path from the 1980s to the late 1990s.
What was the Montgomery Bus Boycott?
A civil rights protest during which African Americans refused to ride city buses in Montgomery, Alabama, to protest segregated seating.
What was the Sharpeville Massacre?
An event in South Africa where police opened fire on a crowd of black people protesting apartheid laws.
When did Nelson Mandela become President of South Africa?
1994-1999. He was a key figure in the fight against apartheid.
What was the Soweto Uprising?
A series of demonstrations and protests led by black school children in South Africa in response to the introduction of Afrikaans as the medium of instruction in local schools.
Who was Francisco Franco?
A dictator who ruled Spain from 1936-1975, known for oppressing political opponents.
Who was Idi Amin?
A dictator who ruled Uganda from 1971-1979, known for human rights abuses and expulsions.
Who was Augusto Pinochet?
A dictator who ruled Chile from 1974-1990, known for human rights abuses and reversing land reforms.
Who was Abimael Guzmán?
The leader of the Shining Path, a Maoist guerrilla group in Peru.
Who was Osama bin Laden?
The founder of al-Qaeda, a terrorist organization.
Who was Mahatma Gandhi?
The leader of the Indian nationalist movement, known for his nonviolent protest methods.
Who was Martin Luther King, Jr.?
A leader of the American Civil Rights Movement, inspired by Gandhi's nonviolent methods.
Who was Nelson Mandela?
An anti-apartheid revolutionary and former President of South Africa.
Who was Steve Biko?
An anti-apartheid activist in South Africa, known for his role in the Black Consciousness Movement.
Who was Desmond Tutu?
A South African Anglican cleric and theologian, known for his work as an anti-apartheid and human rights activist.
Compare Gandhi's and Martin Luther King Jr.'s methods of resistance.
Both advocated nonviolent resistance and civil disobedience. King was directly inspired by Gandhi's methods and applied them to the American Civil Rights Movement.
Compare the goals of the Shining Path and Al-Qaeda.
Shining Path aimed to establish a communist state in Peru. Al-Qaeda aimed to target the U.S. and its allies for supporting governments like Israel, Saudi Arabia, and Egypt.
Compare the rule of Franco in Spain and Pinochet in Chile.
Both were dictators who used violence and oppression to maintain power. Franco focused on suppressing regional cultures and promoting Catholicism, while Pinochet reversed land reforms and committed human rights abuses.
Compare the initial approaches of Nelson Mandela and Martin Luther King Jr. to achieving social change.
While both ultimately embraced nonviolent resistance, Mandela initially engaged in acts of sabotage, whereas King always advocated for nonviolent methods.
Compare the impact of Gandhi's Salt March with the Montgomery Bus Boycott.
Both events galvanized movements for social change and highlighted the effectiveness of nonviolent resistance. The Salt March focused on independence from British rule, while the Montgomery Bus Boycott addressed racial segregation.
Compare the use of violence by Shining Path and Al-Qaeda.
Both groups used violence to achieve their goals. Shining Path focused on overthrowing the Peruvian government, while Al-Qaeda targeted the U.S. and its allies globally.
Compare the leadership styles of Idi Amin and Augusto Pinochet.
Both were authoritarian leaders who came to power through military coups and suppressed dissent. Amin's rule was characterized by erratic behavior and brutality, while Pinochet implemented neoliberal economic policies.
Compare the roles of Nelson Mandela and Desmond Tutu in the fight against apartheid.
Mandela was a political leader who spent years in prison for his activism, while Tutu was an Anglican cleric who used his platform to advocate for human rights and reconciliation.
Compare the goals of nonviolent resistance movements in India and the United States.
In India, the goal was independence from British rule, while in the United States, the goal was to end racial segregation and achieve civil rights for African Americans.
Compare the long-term effects of the rules of Franco and Pinochet on their respective countries.
Both left legacies of political division and human rights abuses. Spain transitioned to democracy after Franco's death, while Chile struggled to address the legacy of Pinochet's dictatorship.