Industrialization's Impact (1750-1900)
Which economic policy is most closely associated with fueling European imperial expansion during the period from c.1750 to c.1900 by advocating for state intervention and control over foreign markets?
Free trade liberalism
Social Darwinism
Laissez-faire capitalism
Mercantilism
In the context of imperialism, what term refers to the direct control and management of territories as colonies?
Colonialism
Mercantilism
Feudalism
Capitalism
Which emerging trend has the potential to most significantly reshape the rationale behind imperialism in a future context?
The rise of multinational corporations diluting state power.
Decolonization movements strengthening national sovereignty.
Climate change driving competition for scarce resources.
Globalization fostering international cooperation and peace.
How did nationalism contribute to imperialism late nineteenth-century?
National pride led countries to focus inwardly rather than expanding abroad.
It fueled competition among nations who sought prestige through territorial expansion.
It discouraged colonization as it promoted respecting other nations' sovereignty.
Nationalist movements weakened empires from within causing their collapse.
What economic factor primarily drove European nations to seek new colonies during the 18th and 19th century's expansion?
Intention to reduce unemployment rates by relocating excess population to overseas colonies.
Extending national credit through international loans to bolster the domestic economy.
Interest in acquiring raw materials and markets necessary for sustained industrial growth.
Protecting existing trade routes from being monopolized by other rising imperial powers.
Which political ideology directly influenced European imperial expansion by promoting national strength and unity through overseas conquests?
Liberalism supported free trade with foreign territories without necessarily advocating for direct political control over them.
Conservatism often focused on maintaining existing social orders within Europe rather than expanding territory overseas.
Nationalism encouraged countries to acquire colonies as symbols of power and prestige, bolstering national pride.
Marxism critiqued capitalism's role in imperialism but did not serve as a motivating ideology for acquiring colonies.
What argument did J.A. Hobson make against imperialism in his work “Imperialism” (1902)?
Imperialist ventures were indispensable for maintaining a nation's prestige and power on an international scale.
Imperialism diverted attention from domestic reforms and served capitalist interests at home.
Colonies were necessary as outlets for surplus populations from overpopulated metropolitan countries.
Native populations ultimately benefited from imperialism through infrastructure development and modernization.

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What factor contributed most significantly to British imperial control over India in the late nineteenth century?
An alliance between French colonial forces and British troops leading to shared governance over Indian territories.
The establishment of administrative and military structures by the British East India Company preceding direct crown rule after 1857.
A sweeping movement among Indian princely states favoring British protection against internal conflicts and rivalries.
Complete dismantlement of existing local governance systems allowing direct appointment of all officials by London authorities only.
How did the concept of Social Darwinism support imperialist policies in the late 19th century?
It provided a justification for the dominance of weaker nations by suggesting that it was natural and inevitable.
It fostered the idea that imperialism was economically unsustainable and would eventually lead to global equality.
It led to an international movement advocating for the decolonization of occupied territories based on moral principles.
It encouraged cooperation between European powers to promote collective security against resistance in colonies.
In what way did Joseph Chamberlainís advocacy reflect broader political trends related to British imperialism at turn of twentieth century?
Emphasized the need for global disarmament to foster better international relations and avoid conflict.
Improved living standards in Britain would result from increased commerce and extended empire.
Urged Britain to relinquish its colonies and focus on domestic reforms, unemployment, and poverty.
Argued for the establishment of a socialist government to ensure fair distribution of wealth generated by overseas territories.