Cold War & Decolonization (1900-Present)

Pursued nonaligned movement policies

Adopted centralized economic planning

Adopted Josip Broz Tito's leadership

Vietnam's reunification under a communist government reinforced regional communist hegemony.

The collapse of the Soviet Union signified a major decline in global communist authority.

The Chinese Cultural Revolution further solidified communism's dominance worldwide.

The Korean War ended with a decisive victory for communist forces across the peninsula.

Socialist economy

Capitalist economy

Traditional economy

Command economy

By leading a nationalist movement that merged communist ideals with Vietnamese independence from French rule.

Ho Chi Minh rejected communism entirely, focusing solely on democratic principles during his fight against colonial powers.

By advocating for continued French colonial presence as a means to introduce socialist principles gradually into Vietnam.

By establishing diplomatic relations exclusively with non-communist Asian countries to support Vietnam's independence movement.

US-Soviet struggle known as Cold War

Struggle for Japanese expansion in the Pacific

French efforts to maintain control of Indochina

Conflict over British imperial interests in East Asia

Collaborative educational programs between Vietnam and ASEAN nations to promote intercultural understanding

The adoption of communist policies led ASEAN to view Vietnam as a security threat, prompting regional cooperative initiatives against Vietnamese expansion

Shared technological development projects between Vietnam and other ASEAN members to enhance regional infrastructure

Increased economic aid efforts by ASEAN to rebuild Vietnam's post-war economy

Suffering from war and foreign imperialism

Cultural exchange with Western nations

Rapid economic growth and prosperity

Stability and strong central government

Immediate recognition by all permanent members of UN Security Council lent legitimacy to Mao’s rule among international community.

Extensive military aid from Western democratic nations ensured Mao's victory over Chiang Kai-shek's Nationalists.

Japan's industrial development strategies inspired Mao’s version of socialism leading to mass popular support for his movement.

Peasant support garnered through land reform policies and promises benefited Mao's cause significantly against Nationalist forces.

It discouraged colonial nations from seeking independence.

It weakened economies and political structures creating conditions for Soviet influence.

It increased appreciation for democratic ideals among affected populations.

It lead to a direct military takeover by Soviet forces everywhere.

Focusing solely on internal economic development within the USSR

Encouraging decolonization movements without ideological commitment

By supporting communist parties in other countries through funding and military aid

Establishing trade agreements based on capitalist principles with Western nations