#AP African American Studies: The Civil Rights Movement - Night Before Review 🚀

Hey! Let's get you prepped for the AP Exam. This guide is designed to be your go-to resource for a quick, high-impact review. We'll break down the key concepts, make connections, and get you feeling confident. Let’s do this!

#1. The Foundation: Unity and Nonviolent Resistance

#1.1. Unity Through Common Goals

• The "Big Four" Civil Rights Organizations:

* **NAACP** (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People): Focused on legal strategies and litigation. * **SCLC** (Southern Christian Leadership Conference): Led by MLK Jr., emphasized nonviolent protest and civil disobedience. * **CORE** (Congress of Racial Equality): Pioneered sit-ins and freedom rides. * **SNCC** (Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee): Organized grassroots activism and voter registration. * * They collaborated on major initiatives like the **March on Washington**, showcasing a united front.

#1.2. Nonviolent Protest Strategies

• Civil Disobedience: Marches, sit-ins, economic boycotts, and using mass media to raise awareness.

* **Grassroots Organizing**: Empowered local communities and developed new leaders like **Fannie Lou Hamer**.

Practice Question

Multiple Choice Questions:

1. Which of the following best describes the primary goal of the "Big Four" civil rights organizations? (A) To promote Black nationalism and separatism (B) To achieve racial equality and end discrimination (C) To advocate for armed self-defense (D) To establish separate Black communities

2. Which tactic was most associated with the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)? (A) Legal challenges in court (B) Sit-ins and Freedom Rides (C) Mass marches and demonstrations (D) Voter registration drives

#2. Mobilization and Key Events

#2.1. Birmingham Children's Crusade

• In 1963, children and teenagers marched to protest segregation in Birmingham, Alabama.