South, East, and Southeast Asian Art, 300 BCE–1980 CE

Introduction of Islamic geometric patterns complementing Yamato-e painting conventions.

Adoption of Chinese calligraphic styles replacing Kana script for inscriptions on landscapes.

Use of European pictorial techniques like perspective combined with traditional Japanese subjects.

Incorporation of indigenous Ainu imagery alongside typical Ukiyo-e floating world scenes.

Exclusion of figural representation following Islamic aniconic traditions.

Use of hieratic scale to signify the Hindu caste system in relief sculptures.

Introduction of Confucian principles in narrative frescoes depicting Buddha's life.

Incorporation of Hellenistic artistic elements into Buddhist iconography.

Supporting exclusively traditional Indian methods thus rejecting any Western influence due to nationalist sentiments.

Favoring abstract interpretations aligned with international modernist trends instead focusing on naturalism.

Imposing Western artistic standards that led Indian painters to merge local designs with European realism.

Reviving Mughal miniature traditions emphasizing heroic epics rather than adopting any foreign aesthetics.

Terracotta molding.

Bronze casting.

Stonecutting.

Marble carving.

The journey through reincarnation cycles only (samsara).

Historical conquests of local rulers across Java island.

A pilgrimage to Mecca as part of Islamic tradition.

The path towards Enlightenment.

Introduction of Greco-Buddhist styles from Central Asia leading to syncretic Chinese interpretations.

Incorporation of Nordic animal interlace patterns in temple decorations.

Adoption of Egyptian hieroglyphic motifs into Buddhist sculptures.

Direct importation of Indian stone masonry techniques without alteration.

Large painted murals on exterior walls.

Intricately carved wooden doors.

Minarets surrounding the central tower.

A domed structure.

Thailand

Laos

Cambodia

Vietnam

Hinduism

Buddhism

Taoism

Confucianism

Buddhism

Christianity

Hinduism

Islam