Political Institutions
Which institutional change drawn from the principles of semi-presidential systems could potentially balance power between the central government and regions in an ideologically integrated unitary presidential system plagued by regional discontent?
Creation of regionally elected councils with certain administrative authority
Incorporation of direct popular elections for regional governors
Implementation of federalism as seen in some semi-presidential systems
Devolution of legislative powers by establishing regional legislatures
How does accountability work differently in presidential systems compared to parliamentary systems?
Presidents serve at the pleasure of the legislature like prime ministers do in parliamentary systems.
Presidents are separately elected and cannot be dismissed by the legislature before their term ends barring impeachment for misconduct.
Prime ministers face direct public elections while presidents do not need public support once elected indirectly by parliament members only.
Legislatures have no oversight functions over presidency actions unlike over prime ministers' cabinets.
Considering institutional flexibility in response to a crisis, which governmental structure is likely to provide the quickest and most decisive action?
Parliamentary systems that rely on consensus building among multiple parties, which can slow down the decision-making process in times of crisis.
Presidential systems allowing a single executive to make rapid decisions in times of national emergencies.
Systems with no clear distinction between the head of state and government, like some traditional monarchies, tending to delay decision-making due to protocol and formality.
Semi-presidential systems offering a combined approach that might lead to shared responsibility between the president and prime minister, slowing down responses.
Which term best describes a political system where both the president and prime minister share executive power?
Absolute monarchy
Semi-presidential system
Pure parliamentary system
Direct democracy
Which system is characterized by a clear separation between the executive and legislative branches?
Semi-Presidential
Parliamentary
Confederal
Presidential
What role might societal norms play regarding minority rights legislation within any given governmental system?
Norms influencing social inclusivity or exclusivity will affect legislative priorities concerning minority protections.
The prevalence of various religious practices across society typically dictates precise legal language used within minority rights laws.
Social norms strictly outline procedural steps required before passing any legislation related to minority rights.
Societal expectations about education levels drive exactly how many minority representatives should hold seats in governing bodies.
In a parliamentary system, specifically the UK, what is not an example of checks and balances?
Questions with the prime minister
Fused powers between the executive and legislative branches
Censuring new cabinet members
Elections and fixed-term election system

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In a presidential system, gridlock is typically:
Less common
Nonexistent
Constant
More common
In what way does a semi-presidential system complicate policy implementation during an economic crisis compared to a purely presidential or parliamentary system?
The absence of judicial oversight in semi-presidential systems expedites economic decision-making processes by default.
Direct public elections for key executives inherently streamline policy decisions regardless of economic conditions.
A singular focus on consensus-building within one ruling party accelerates policy implementation uniformly across all systems.
Potential cohabitation between president and prime minister can create conflicting policies and slow response times.
Which system of governance is most likely to experience a legislative deadlock leading to policy paralysis when the party in control of the executive branch does not hold a majority in the legislative branch?
Semi-Presidential
Presidential
Parliamentary
One-party