All Flashcards
What is a thesis statement?
A concise statement that presents the main argument of an essay.
Define rhetorical devices.
Techniques used by writers to convey meaning, persuade, or evoke emotion.
What is logos?
An appeal to logic and reason in argumentation.
What is pathos?
An appeal to the emotions of the audience.
What is ethos?
An appeal to the speaker's credibility and character.
What is syntax?
The arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences.
Define tone in writing.
The attitude of the writer toward the subject or audience.
What are transitional devices?
Words or phrases that connect ideas and create coherence in writing.
Define figurative language.
Language that uses figures of speech to create a non-literal meaning.
What is a counterargument?
An argument that opposes the main claim or thesis.
What is ad hominem?
Attacking the person making the argument, rather than the argument itself.
What is a straw man fallacy?
Misrepresenting an opponent's argument to make it easier to attack.
What is a false dilemma?
Presenting only two options when more exist.
What is a bandwagon fallacy?
Arguing that something is true because it is popular.
What is a hasty generalization?
Drawing a conclusion based on insufficient evidence.
What is post hoc ergo propter hoc?
Assuming that because one event followed another, the first event caused the second.
What is begging the question?
Assuming the conclusion in the premise.
What is red herring?
Introducing an irrelevant topic to divert attention from the main issue.
What is slippery slope?
Arguing that one event will inevitably lead to a series of negative consequences.
What is appeal to authority?
Claiming something is true simply because an authority figure said so, without sufficient evidence.
What is the structure of a classical argument?
Introduction, narration, confirmation, refutation, conclusion.
What is the purpose of a Rogerian argument?
To find common ground and reach a compromise with the opposing viewpoint.
What is a claim?
A statement that asserts a belief or position. It requires defense.
What is evidence in argumentation?
Facts, statistics, examples, and expert opinions used to support a claim.
What is a warrant in argumentation?
The underlying assumption that connects the claim and the evidence.
What is inductive reasoning?
Moving from specific observations to a general conclusion.
What is deductive reasoning?
Moving from a general statement to a specific conclusion.
What is the Toulmin model of argumentation?
Claim, data, warrant, backing, qualifier, rebuttal.
What is the purpose of a rebuttal in argumentation?
To address and refute potential counterarguments.
What is the role of concession in argumentation?
Acknowledging the validity of a part of the opposing argument.