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What is ad hominem?
Attacking the person making the argument instead of the argument itself.
What is a straw man fallacy?
Misrepresenting someone's argument to make it easier to attack.
What is the bandwagon fallacy?
Arguing that something is true or good because it's popular.
What is a false dilemma?
Presenting only two options when more exist; an 'either/or' fallacy.
What is hasty generalization?
Drawing a conclusion based on insufficient or biased evidence.
What is circular reasoning?
The argument's premise assumes the conclusion is true; the argument goes in a circle.
Explain the appeal to emotion fallacy.
Manipulating an emotional response in place of a valid or compelling argument.
What is a red herring fallacy?
Introducing an irrelevant topic to divert attention from the main issue.
What is the slippery slope fallacy?
Asserting that one event will inevitably lead to a series of negative consequences.
What is the appeal to authority fallacy?
Claiming something is true simply because an authority figure said so, regardless of evidence.
What is the effect of using an urgent tone in writing?
Creates a sense of immediacy and importance, compelling the reader to act quickly.
What is the effect of using a formal style in writing?
Conveys professionalism, authority, and respect for the audience.
What is the effect of using an informal style in writing?
Creates a sense of familiarity, approachability, and connection with the reader.
What is the effect of using an objective tone in writing?
Presents information in a neutral and unbiased way, focusing on facts rather than opinions.
What is the effect of using a subjective tone in writing?
Expresses personal opinions, feelings, and beliefs, making the writing more engaging and relatable.
How does a sarcastic tone affect meaning?
It can create humor or convey criticism, often implying the opposite of what is said.
What is the effect of using a nostalgic tone in writing?
Evokes feelings of sentimentality and longing for the past.
How does a critical tone affect meaning?
Expresses disapproval or fault-finding, often highlighting weaknesses or flaws.
How does a humorous style affect meaning?
It can make the writing more engaging and entertaining, but also risk undermining seriousness.
What is the effect of using a persuasive style in writing?
Aims to convince the reader to accept a particular viewpoint or take a specific action.
What is the purpose of a thesis statement?
A thesis statement presents the main argument of an essay and guides the reader.
How does evidence strengthen an argument?
Evidence provides support for claims and makes the argument more persuasive and credible.
What role does reasoning play in argumentation?
Reasoning connects evidence to the claim, showing how the evidence supports the argument.
Why is it important to address counterarguments?
Addressing counterarguments strengthens your argument by showing you've considered other viewpoints.
What is the role of a conclusion in an argument?
A conclusion summarizes the main points and reinforces the thesis of the argument.
What are the key elements of a persuasive argument?
Clear claim, strong evidence, logical reasoning, and consideration of opposing viewpoints.
How does ethos contribute to an argument?
Ethos establishes the speaker's credibility and trustworthiness, making the argument more persuasive.
How does pathos contribute to an argument?
Pathos appeals to the audience's emotions, making the argument more relatable and impactful.
How does logos contribute to an argument?
Logos uses logical reasoning and evidence to persuade the audience, making the argument sound.
What is the purpose of a works cited page?
A works cited page lists all the sources used in the argument, giving credit to the original authors.