Perspectives and How Arguments Relate
Which of the following statements is an example of a claim of fact?
Honesty is the best policy.
We should lower the voting age.
The Earth is round.
Learning a new language is like learning to play a musical instrument.
A writer argues that 'Because every autumn, the leaves on the trees in my neighborhood change color, all leaves must change color in the fall.' What type of reasoning is being used?
Deductive
Inductive
Causal
Analogical
Which of the following is the best example of a policy claim?
Climate change is a serious threat.
Democracy is the best form of government.
The minimum wage should be increased to $15 per hour.
Smoking causes lung cancer.
A paragraph argues that 'All students who study hard get good grades. John studies hard. Therefore, John will get good grades.' What type of reasoning is being used?
Inductive
Deductive
Causal
Analogical
Read the following passage: 'The senator's proposal to increase taxes is absurd. He's a known liar, so why would we ever consider his ideas?' What type of fallacy is present?
Straw Man
Ad Hominem
Bandwagon
False Dilemma
Which of the following is an example of the straw man fallacy?
My opponent wants to cut military spending, so he must not care about national security.
Everyone is buying this product, so it must be good.
You're either with us or against us.
The Bible is true because it says so.
A politician argues, 'If we allow same-sex marriage, then the next thing you know, people will want to marry their pets.' This is an example of which logical fallacy?
Hasty Generalization
Slippery Slope
False Dilemma
Bandwagon

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A commercial states, 'Nine out of ten doctors recommend this pain reliever.' What additional information is needed to determine if this statistic is sufficient evidence to support the claim that the pain reliever is effective?
The total number of doctors surveyed and the methodology used.
The names and credentials of the doctors who were surveyed.
Whether the pain reliever is available over the counter or by prescription.
The cost of the pain reliever compared to other pain relievers.
Which of the following sentences best integrates a quote from a source?
According to Smith, 'The results were significant.'
'The results were significant' (Smith).
Smith says, and I quote, 'The results were significant.'
Smith's article mentions 'The results were significant.'
An author claims that video games cause violence in teenagers. They provide several news stories about teenagers who committed violent acts and also played video games. What is the most significant weakness in this argument regarding sufficiency of evidence?
The evidence is not relevant because news stories are often biased.
The evidence is not specific enough because it does not detail the types of video games played.
The evidence is not credible because news stories are not peer-reviewed research.
The evidence is not sufficient because it only shows correlation, not causation.