Word choice; impacts tone and effectiveness.

Sentence structure; affects clarity and engagement.

Repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses.

A word that imitates a sound.

A story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one.

A mistaken belief, especially one based on unsound argument.

A tone characterized by conflict or opposition.

The state of being deprived of a right or privilege, especially the right to vote.

The strategic decisions a writer makes to achieve a particular effect or purpose with their audience.

A concise statement of the main argument or point of an essay.

A sentence with one independent clause and at least one dependent clause.

A sentence with two or more independent clauses joined by a conjunction or semicolon.

Using the same grammatical structure for similar ideas.

A sentence in which the main clause is withheld until the end.

A clause that can stand alone as a sentence.

A clause that cannot stand alone as a sentence.

Creates a sense of clarity, directness, and urgency.

Creates a sense of sophistication, detail, and complexity.

Keeps the audience engaged and prevents monotony.

Enhances credibility and ensures clear communication.

Attacking the person making the argument, not the argument itself.

Misrepresenting an opponent's argument to make it easier to attack.

Presenting only two options when more exist.

Arguing that something is true because it is popular.

Drawing a conclusion based on insufficient evidence.

Asserting that one event will inevitably lead to a series of negative consequences.

Introducing an irrelevant topic to distract from the main argument.

Claiming something is true simply because an authority figure said so, without sufficient evidence.

Using the conclusion to support the premise, and vice versa.

To ensure arguments are sound, credible, and persuasive.