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Who was Karl Marx?
A critic of capitalism who highlighted inequality and advocated for a classless society.
Who was Jeremy Bentham?
A liberal who advocated for individual rights and freedoms.
Who was John Stuart Mill?
A liberal who advocated for individual rights and freedoms.
Who was Friedrich Engels?
A Marxist who called for radical social change and worker empowerment.
Who was Clara Zetkin?
A Marxist who called for radical social change and worker empowerment.
Who was Rosa Luxemburg?
A Marxist who called for radical social change and worker empowerment.
What was the British Industrial Revolution?
A period of significant technological and economic advancement in Britain, driven by factors like natural resources, political stability, and colonial resources.
What was the impact of railroads?
Railroads provided efficient transportation of goods and resources, crucial for industrial growth.
What was the end of the Napoleonic Era?
The end of the Napoleonic Era marked a return to traditional, conservative governments in Europe.
What was the impact of urbanization?
Rapid growth of cities, leading to overcrowding, increased poverty, and spread of disease.
What was the impact of increased poverty?
Urban poverty and poor living conditions were widespread, leading to social unrest and demand for reform.
What was the impact of the rise of new ideologies?
Liberalism and Marxism emerged, challenging conservative norms and advocating for individual rights or radical social change.
What was the impact of reform movements?
Governments responded to social issues with initiatives aimed at solving problems caused by industrialization.
What was the impact of World War I?
The reform era ended with the start of World War I, shifting focus from social reform to war efforts.
What was the impact of textile industry innovations?
Innovations like the spinning jenny and power loom revolutionized textile production.
What was the impact of early investments in domestic industry?
Early investments focused on domestic industry for self-sufficiency, fostering economic growth.
Compare Liberalism and Marxism.
Liberalism advocates for individual rights and freedoms, while Marxism calls for radical social change and worker empowerment.
Compare the British Industrial Revolution and later industrialization in other European nations.
Britain had early advantages like resources and stability, while other nations often required state support to catch up.
Compare the perspectives of the working class and the middle class during industrialization.
The working class faced poverty and poor conditions, while the middle class benefited as factory owners and entrepreneurs.