Industrialization and Its Effects

A culture with large public institutions commonplace in society.

A society characterized by widespread industrialization.

A culture emphasizing mass production methods.

Society dominated by political parties representing common people.

1867

1899

1885

1879

Women started taking up jobs outside homes due to industrial employment opportunities.

Women were restricted from working outdoors.

Gender roles remained unchanged.

Men took up household chores while women ventured into industry.

It led to decreased women’s participation as they were pushed out of factory jobs by automated machines.

It helped increase women's employment opportunities, especially in textile factories and clerical jobs.

It created a movement for universal homemaking education to keep women out of the industrial workforce.

It discouraged women from entering the professional workforce as there was an emphasis on technical skills they did not possess.

It led to increased workplace efficiency but also heightened labor unrest due to its dehumanizing aspects.

It improved job satisfaction by providing workers with diverse tasks and a sense of ownership over their work.

It eliminated skilled labor positions, causing widespread unemployment among traditional craftsmen.

It decreased productivity as workers struggled to adapt to regimented schedules and repetitive tasks.

Colonies resisted European resources extraction, stunting the Second Industrial Revolution.

Colonies were not involved in the European manufacturing process and focused solely on their own development.

Colonies provided raw materials and markets for manufactured goods that fueled Europe's industrial growth.

Colonial labor forces migrated to Europe to work in factories, reducing reliance on native workers.

Decrease in population due to emigration.

The rise of urbanization and an industrial working class.

A shift towards agrarian economies.

Dismantling of established monarchies.

Electricity, solar energy, and wind power

Water, coal, and iron

Petroleum, electricity, and the Bessemer process

Coal, nuclear energy, and wood

The increased use of steam engines improving factory outputs.

The further exploration of petroleum resources encouraging transportation advancements.

The prolonged reliance on natural fertilizers limiting agricultural productivity.

The advancement of electrical grid systems enhancing urbanization rates.