Glossary
...cum procul Ambiorigem suos cohortantem conspexisset...
A Latin phrase describing Titurius seeing Ambiorix encouraging his troops from a distance, emphasizing the Gallic strength and Roman vulnerability.
Example:
The visual of Ambiorix 'suos cohortantem' from afar underscores the overwhelming force the Romans faced.
Ambiorix
A cunning Gallic leader of the Eburones who orchestrates a successful ambush against Roman legions, demonstrating significant strategic prowess.
Example:
Ambiorix's deceptive negotiations led to the tragic downfall of Sabinus and Cotta, highlighting his skill as a Gallic adversary.
Aquilifer
A Roman soldier responsible for carrying the legionary eagle (aquila), the most important standard of a Roman legion.
Example:
The aquilifer was a position of immense honor and responsibility, as the loss of the eagle was a grave disgrace.
Commentarii de Bello Gallico
Caesar's firsthand account of his military campaigns in Gaul, serving as a primary historical source and a key text for AP Latin students.
Example:
Students often analyze Commentarii de Bello Gallico to understand Roman military strategy and Caesar's self-presentation.
Gnaeus Pompeius
Titurius's interpreter, sent to negotiate with Ambiorix during the desperate situation.
Example:
Gnaeus Pompeius served as the crucial link between the Roman legates and Ambiorix, attempting to broker a peace that never materialized.
His rebus permotus Quintus Titurius...
A Latin phrase from the text indicating that Quintus Titurius Sabinus was deeply disturbed or moved by the recent events, setting a tone of panic.
Example:
The phrase 'His rebus permotus Quintus Titurius' immediately signals Sabinus's emotional state and foreshadows his subsequent actions.
Legate
A high-ranking Roman military officer, typically a senator, appointed by a commander like Caesar to lead a legion or a detachment of troops.
Example:
As a legate, Sabinus held significant authority, but his poor judgment led to the destruction of his legion.
Lucius Aurunculeius Cotta
Another of Caesar's legates, known for his caution and initial opposition to Sabinus's plan to leave the camp, though he ultimately yields.
Example:
Despite Cotta's sound judgment, he was ultimately persuaded by Sabinus, leading to the shared tragedy of the Roman forces.
Lucius Petrosidius
A Roman aquilifer (standard-bearer) who dies heroically while attempting to save the legionary eagle.
Example:
Lucius Petrosidius's final act of bravery, throwing the aquila into the ditch, epitomized Roman military honor.
Quintus Titurius Sabinus
One of Caesar's legates, characterized by his rashness and willingness to trust Ambiorix, leading to a disastrous defeat.
Example:
Sabinus's impulsive decision to abandon the Roman camp proved fatal, a stark contrast to Cotta's caution.
Titus Labienus
One of Caesar's most trusted legates, who receives news of the disaster involving Sabinus and Cotta.
Example:
Labienus, often depicted as a capable and loyal commander, would have been shocked to hear of the catastrophic defeat.