Cognition
Which of the following best illustrates recall?
Recognizing a familiar face in a crowd.
Answering a fill-in-the-blank question on a test.
Identifying the correct answer in a multiple-choice question.
Feeling a sense of déjà vu in a new place.
Which scenario best exemplifies recognition?
Remembering the lyrics to your favorite song.
Identifying a suspect in a police lineup.
Reciting the names of all the U.S. presidents in order.
Describing the plot of a movie you saw last year.
In what scenario would recall be more effective than recognition?
Choosing the correct definition from a list of terms.
Eyewitness testimony where details must be provided without prompting.
Selecting the right product from a shelf full of similar items.
Answering a true/false question on an exam.
A student who always studies in the library performs better on exams taken in the library than in the classroom. This is an example of:
State-dependent memory
Mood-congruent memory
Context-dependent memory
The testing effect
To improve your study habits using context-dependent memory, you should:
Vary your study locations to generalize learning.
Study in the same environment where you will be tested.
Study only when you are in a good mood.
Use different colored pens to highlight your notes.
A researcher wants to design an experiment to test the effects of context on memory retrieval. Which of the following designs would best isolate context-dependent memory?
Having participants study words while listening to music and testing them with and without music.
Having participants study words in one room and testing them in the same room versus a different room.
Having participants study words while in a good mood and testing them when in a bad mood.
Having participants study words by rereading notes versus self-testing.
If you study for a test while drinking a caffeinated beverage, state-dependent memory suggests you will do better on the test if you:
Drink a non-caffeinated beverage before the test.
Do not consume any beverages before the test.
Drink a caffeinated beverage before the test.
Eat a large meal before the test.

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How might state-dependent memory affect an athlete's performance?
An athlete who trains while tired may perform better when competing tired.
An athlete who trains while well-rested will always perform better, regardless of their state during competition.
State-dependent memory has no impact on athletic performance.
Athletes perform best when their mood is congruent with the demands of the sport.
A student always studies while listening to a specific type of music and chewing gum. On test day, they forget their gum and can’t listen to music. Analyze how multiple factors influence state-dependent memory in this scenario.
The student will perform better because they are in a quiet environment.
The student will perform worse due to the absence of the stimuli present during studying.
The student's performance will be unaffected because state-dependent memory is not reliable.
The student will perform better if they focus on mood-congruent recall.
Feeling sad while trying to recall childhood memories might make it easier to remember other sad experiences. This is an example of:
Context-dependent memory
State-dependent memory
Mood-congruent memory
The testing effect