#AP US Government: Federalism - The Ultimate Study Guide 🚀

Hey there, future AP Gov rockstar! This guide is your secret weapon for acing the exam. We'll break down federalism, Article IV, and the ever-shifting power dynamics between states and the feds. Let's get started! 💪

#🏛️ Introduction to Federalism

Federalism is like a team sport between the states and the federal government. They share the field (aka power), but have different roles. The Constitution is the rulebook, and it's all about balance and preventing anyone from getting too bossy.

#Core Principles

• Division of Powers: The Constitution divides powers between the federal government and state governments. Some powers are exclusive to the feds, some are for the states, and some are shared. ⚖️
• Federal Supremacy: Federal law is the top dog. If there's a conflict, federal law wins. But states still have lots of power within their borders. 🥇
• Cooperative Federalism: The feds and states often team up to tackle big issues, sharing resources and working together. Think of it as a well-oiled machine. 🤝
• Checks and Balances: This keeps both the feds and the states in check, preventing either from becoming too powerful. It's like having referees on the field. 👮
• Constitutional Amendments: The Constitution can be changed to adjust the balance of power between the feds and states. It's a living document! 📜

#🔑 Key Vocabulary

• Federalism: Division of power between a central government and states. 🇺🇸
• Constitution: The supreme law of the land. 📜
• Exclusive Powers: Powers only for the federal government. 🚫
• Concurrent Powers: Powers shared by both federal and state governments. 🤝
• Full Faith and Credit Clause: States must respect each other's laws and court decisions. 🤝
• Extradition Clause: States must return fugitives to the state where the crime was committed. 🏃
• Privileges and Immunities Clause: States can't discriminate against citizens from other states. 🗽
• Republican Form of Government: Power held by elected representatives. 🗳️

#🤔 Key Questions (Think About These!)

• What is federalism, and how does it work in the US? 🤔
• How does the Constitution divide power between the feds and states? 📜
• What's the deal with the Full Faith and Credit Clause? 🤝
• What powers are exclusive to the federal government? 🚫
• What powers do the feds and states share? 🤝
• How does the Extradition Clause work? 🏃
• What's the Privileges and Immunities Clause all about? 🗽
• How has the power balance changed over time? ⏳
• Why is a "Republican Form of Government" important? 🗳️
• How does the Constitution balance power to protect liberty and diversity? ⚖️