All Flashcards
Who was Olaudah Equiano?
An enslaved African who wrote a firsthand account of the horrors of the Middle Passage.
Who was Hernan Cortes?
A Spanish conquistador who led the conquest of the Aztec Empire.
Compare indentured servitude and chattel slavery.
Indentured servants worked for a fixed term and had some rights; chattel slaves were considered property with no rights.
When did the first Africans arrive in Virginia?
1619, initially as indentured servants before the shift to chattel slavery.
What was the significance of the arrival of Africans in Virginia in 1619?
Marks the beginning of African presence in North America, initially as indentured servants before the shift to chattel slavery.
What was the main purpose of the Encomienda system?
To provide labor for Spanish colonists in the Americas and to convert Native Americans to Catholicism.
What was the result of the decline of Native American populations in Spanish colonies?
The Spanish turned to African slave labor, leading to the Asiento system.
What was the main goal of the Spanish conquistadors?
To seek God, glory, and gold in the Americas.
What was the impact of the Spanish caste system?
It determined social, economic, and political status based on race and ethnicity, maintaining power for Spanish elites.
Describe the conditions of the Middle Passage.
Inhumane conditions with overcrowding, disease, and rampant death during the voyage across the Atlantic.
What was the impact of the Transatlantic Slave Trade on Africa?
Devastating impact due to the loss of millions of people, disruption of societies, and economic exploitation.
What was the impact of the Transatlantic Slave Trade on the Americas?
Fueled the development of plantation economies, shaped social structures, and led to long-term racial inequalities.
What was the purpose of the Asiento System?
To regulate the importation of African slaves into Spanish colonies and generate revenue for the Spanish Crown.