Interactions North America, 1491–1607
If the Pueblo Revolt of 1680 had resulted in a permanent expulsion of Spanish colonizers from New Mexico, how might this have affected the Spanish colonial caste system in North America?
The caste system would have been adopted by indigenous groups, creating similar hierarchies within their communities.
The encomienda system would have expanded as other European powers filled the void left by Spain.
The caste system would likely have weakened without Spanish enforcement, leading to less stratified indigenous societies.
The British and French would have adopted the Spanish caste model after observing its collapse in New Mexico.
What did Chattel slavery permit?
Slaves had legal rights.
For slaves to be considered property of their owners.
Slaves were to be interchanged with animals such as cattle.
Slaves could not be inherited.
What labor system was primarily used in the early Spanish colonies to exploit native populations and resources?
Encomienda system
Indentured servitude
Feudalism
Sharecropping
What was one significant effect of Bacon's Rebellion on the labor system in colonial Virginia?
Increased reliance on African slave labor.
Expansion of voting rights to all white men.
Implementation of wage labor for agricultural work.
Abolition of indentured servitude.
Who was responsible for creating "Black Legend," which criticized harsh Spanish colonization practices toward indigenous populations?
Bartolome de Las Casas himself to see reforms adopted.
Indigenous scholars writing in pre-Columbian texts.
American colonists seeking independence from British rule.
Other European powers looking to undermine the Spanish influence.
What does Las Casas' account indicate about European perceptions of colonial atrocities?
Support for converting indigenous populations to Christianity as a primary goal of colonization.
Apathy towards the suffering of indigenous peoples, stemming from ingrained racial biases.
Awareness and moral indignation regarding colonial brutalities previously unknown to many Europeans.
Justification of colonial exploitation for the sake of economic advancement.
How were slaves treated under chattel slavery?
They were considered property and subjected to cruel treatment without any rights.
They worked on plantations but received some form of payment.
They were guaranteed minimal rights by their owners.
They were only utilized for domestic services in homes.

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Which political change is most closely associated with the Compromise of 1850?
The immediate abolition of slavery in Washington D.C.
The prohibition of slave trade throughout the United States.
California entered as a free state balancing the number of slave and free states.
The granting of popular sovereignty to all new territories.
What consolidated the transatlantic slave trade within the Spanish colonial economy?
Expansion into Mississippi River Valley
Establishment of tobacco farms
Gold discoveries in California
Demand for labor on sugar plantations
Which term best describes Spain’s policy of granting land parcels to colonists together with legal control over local Indigenous peoples?
Hacienda
Presidio
Repartimiento
Encomienda