All Flashcards
What was the significance of Columbus's voyages?
Initiated the Columbian Exchange, reshaping global biological and cultural landscapes.
What initiated the Atlantic Slave Trade?
Demand for labor in the Americas, especially for cash crops.
Describe the impact of diseases on indigenous populations.
Catastrophic population decline in the Americas due to diseases like smallpox and measles.
What was the impact of the introduction of horses in the Americas?
Transformed transportation and hunting practices for some indigenous groups.
What was the effect of sugar cane cultivation in the Americas?
Increased demand for enslaved labor and contributed to the growth of the Atlantic Slave Trade.
What was the impact of corn and potatoes on Afro-Eurasia?
Nutritional boost and increased population due to new food sources.
What was the impact of the African Diaspora on the Americas?
Cultural contributions including new languages, music, and food.
What is the Columbian Exchange?
The exchange of plants, animals, and diseases between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres after 1492.
What is the Atlantic Slave Trade?
The forced transportation of millions of Africans to the Americas for labor.
What is the African diaspora?
The dispersal of African people and their culture around the world.
Define the Middle Passage.
The horrific journey across the Atlantic endured by enslaved Africans.
Define plantation economy.
An economy based on agricultural mass production, typically relying on forced labor.
Causes and effects of the Columbian Exchange?
Causes: Columbus's voyages, desire for new trade routes. Effects: Exchange of goods, diseases, and cultural mixing.
Causes and effects of the Atlantic Slave Trade?
Causes: Demand for labor in the Americas. Effects: Forced migration, cultural mixing, immense suffering.
What caused the decimation of Native American populations?
Introduction of new diseases from Afro-Eurasia, like smallpox and measles.
What caused the expansion of plantation agriculture?
High demand for cash crops like sugar, tobacco, and cotton in Europe.
What were the effects of plantation agriculture?
Deforestation, soil depletion, strain on water resources, and increased demand for enslaved labor.
What caused the African Diaspora?
The Atlantic Slave Trade and the forced dispersal of African people around the world.