Global Connections: 1450-1750

The development of crop rotation systems.

The invention of the seed drill.

The introduction of the horse for labor.

The use of water-powered mills.

Population shifted toward a balanced distribution between hemispheres, reflecting migration patterns.

Increased global population density as a result of sustained contact between hemispheres.

Decreased global population density as a result of epidemics spreading along new contact zones.

Populations remained stagnant despite interhemispheric contact, with other factors influencing demographic change.

Traditional farming techniques became irrelevant due to industrialization

Introduction of New World crops led to diversified farming practices

Farming was abandoned due to influx of imported foods

Traditional European crops were replaced entirely by new world crops

Global dietary habits remained unaffected by colonization.

New World foods were integrated into Old World cuisines.

New World diets remained completely unchanged.

Old World foods were eradicated by New World foods.

It contributed to the rise of a wealthy merchant class involved in trade with the Americas.

It led to widespread conversions to Christianity among indigenous populations.

It triggered the abolitionist movements by exposing Europeans to Native American slavery systems.

It caused immediate democratization of European governments due to new ideologies.

Horses

Goats

Sheep

Pigs

Capitalism waned because state-controlled economies became more common as monarchies tried controlling newfound resources abroad.

Socialism arose since disparities grew between colonies' elite landlords and indentured servants working on plantations exporting cash crops back home.

Feudalism strengthened due to increased demand for agricultural land overseas despite its decline within Europe itself at that time.

Mercantilism developed as states sought to harness colonial resources and trade balances were affected by new world crops like potatoes.

Natural conversion after reading the Bible

Royal decree by the King

Forced Encomienda conversion

Our Lady of Guadalupe

Depletion of ozone layer recorded due to massive uptick in sea travel

Significant cooling in global temperatures observed owing to reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from reduced terrestrial travel

Large scale deforestation occurred in Europe and the Americas to construct ships and facilitate increasing oceanic transport

Widespread desertification on major continents noted due to resulting climatic shifts from altered wind patterns

It enabled China's shift to a silver-based economy thus strengthening global trade.

It caused mass deforestation in Central Europe due to increased demand for shipbuilding.

American silver became less valuable due to overproduction.

It led to a decline in global trade because of inflation.