All Flashcards
What was the significance of the Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)?
Divided the Americas between Spain and Portugal, influencing language divisions today.
What was the significance of the Spanish conquest of the Aztecs?
Led to the fall of the Aztec Empire and the establishment of Mexico City.
What was the significance of the Spanish conquest of the Incas?
Led to the fall of the Inca Empire after the capture and death of Atahualpa.
What was the significance of the Seven Years’ War?
Resulted in the British driving the French out of Canada and India.
What was the impact of Japan's isolation in 1639?
Protected traditional culture but meant missing out on global advancements.
What was the impact of the Atlantic Slave Trade?
Led to major demographic, social, and cultural changes in Africa and the Americas.
What was the result of Zheng He’s explorations?
The Ming dynasty retreated into isolationist policies.
What was the impact of the opening of China in the 19th century?
The Qing dynasty was forced to open up to foreign powers, who feared a return to isolationism.
What was the impact of the establishment of the British East India Company?
The EIC expanded its influence by exploiting tensions between Muslims and Hindus, eventually leading to direct colonial control over all of India.
What was the impact of the Silver Trade?
The Silver Trade was highly profitable for the Spanish, but it also led to the forced labor of indigenous people in mines like Potosi.
Who was Hernán Cortés?
Spanish conquistador who conquered the Aztec Empire.
Who was Francisco Pizarro?
Spanish conquistador who conquered the Inca Empire.
Who was Atahualpa?
The Inca leader captured and killed by Francisco Pizarro.
Who was Zheng He?
A Chinese explorer whose voyages preceded the Ming dynasty's retreat into isolationism.
Compare the Encomienda and Hacienda systems.
Both were labor systems in Spanish America. Encomienda involved tribute and labor from indigenous people in exchange for protection, while haciendas were large agricultural estates often using indentured labor.
Compare indentured servitude and chattel slavery.
Both were forms of coerced labor. Indentured servants worked for a fixed term in exchange for passage, while chattel slaves were considered property and enslaved permanently.
Compare European interactions with Japan and China.
Japan initially welcomed Europeans but later adopted isolationist policies. China maintained limited contact with Europeans until forced to open up in the 19th century.