Global Connections: 1450-1750
Why did European maritime empires in Asia have limited influence on indigenous cultures compared to those in Americas?
Asian societies had strong centralized states and well-established cultures that resisted European cultural influences.
Indigenous populations of Asia were too large for any meaningful cultural impact by Europeans.
Europeans were not interested in influencing Asian cultures.
Asian societies were too isolated geographically from Europe for significant influence to take place.
What was a common characteristic shared by all major maritime empires established between the late fifteenth and eighteenth centuries?
Strict implementation of religious tolerance policies
Control of important shipping lanes for commerce
Abolition of slavery as an institution
Adoption of a centralized bureaucratic system
In the social structure of the Ottoman Empire, who were primarily responsible for collecting taxes and maintaining law and order as part of the local administration?
Janissaries
Ulema
Devshirme
Sipahis
What role did silver play in global trade during this time period?
It caused significant deflation due to its overabundance.
It led directly to widespread industrialization around the world.
It served as currency facilitating exchanges between empires.
Silver was mainly decorative, with little impact on economies.
Which economic policy is most closely associated with colonial powers' management of their colonies during this period?
Socialism, advocating for the collective ownership and management of production means by workers.
Mercantilism, which emphasized export over imports and colonial wealth accumulation for the mother country.
Feudalism, maintaining a hierarchical economic system based on land ownership and loyalty services provided by vassals.
Capitalism, encouraging free competition and equal opportunities for all participants within the marketplace.
What role did religious motives play in shaping policies towards indigenous peoples in Spanish and Portuguese colonies during the establishment of maritime empires?
Incentivizing conversions to Christianity as part of the encomienda system as justification for labor exploitation
Leading to violent clashes between colonists and local leaders who resisted conversion efforts
Driving policies that encouraged educating indigenous populations in native languages rather than Latin or Portuguese
Prompting the establishment of independent syncretic cultures that transformed Catholic rituals
In what way did the religious ideology of Catholicism influence Spanish colonial policy in the Americas?
The spread of Catholicism was used as a justification for territorial expansion and control over indigenous populations.
Catholicism advocated for complete assimilation of indigenous cultures into Spanish society without conversion efforts.
The church's separation from state affairs limited its impact on colonial governance structures.
Religious tolerance under Catholic doctrine facilitated peaceful trade relationships with non-Christian societies.

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Which outcome resulted from increased interactions between Europeans and Muslims during the age of maritime empires?
Immediate cessation of all hostilities between Christian states and Muslim territories at sea.
Transmission and translation of classical knowledge through institutions like the House of Wisdom in Baghdad.
Universal acceptance among Europeans for Islamic banking practices and lending principles.
Creation and use exclusively Islamic navigational tools by Portuguese sailors.
What was one primary consequence of Atlantic trading systems on West African societies during the period characterized by established maritime empires?
The preservation of traditional social structures within West African societies despite European influence.
The promotion of industrialization within West African societies through government subsidies.
The enslavement of millions of Africans and the disruption of local economies.
The establishment of equal economic partnerships between West African societies and European powers.
How would an early successful slave rebellion in Haiti affect Spanish colonial policies in the Caribbean?
Enhanced military alliances with French colonies to suppress revolts.
Expansion of encomienda systems to include more African slaves for labor security.
Increased reliance on Indigenous peoples for labor instead of African slaves.
Stricter control measures across possessions fearing similar uprisings.