All Flashcards
What were the causes and effects of the Meiji Restoration?
Cause: Forced opening by Perry. Effects: Rapid modernization, industrialization, and rise as a global power.
What were the causes and effects of the abolition of serfdom in Russia?
Cause: Desire for social reform and labor mobility. Effect: Increased labor supply for factories, but also social unrest.
What were the causes and effects of the failure of Egyptian industrialization?
Causes: Over-reliance on cotton, excessive debt, European interference. Effects: Economic dependence on Europe and limited industrial growth.
What were the causes and effects of Japan's isolationist policy?
Cause: To preserve its unique culture and political stability. Effect: Lagged behind in technology and military power compared to Western nations.
What were the causes and effects of Russian Infrastructure Investment?
Cause: To connect the vast empire. Effect: Boosted industrialization.
What were the causes and effects of Russian Protectionist Tariffs?
Cause: To protect Russian industries. Effect: Made imported goods more expensive.
What were the causes and effects of Russian State-Owned Factories?
Cause: To directly control and operate some factories. Effect: Government directly owned and operated some factories.
What were the causes and effects of Russian Foreign Investment?
Cause: To encourage foreign companies to invest in Russia. Effect: Increased industrial growth.
What is State-Led Industrialization?
Government actively directs economic development through policies, investments, and regulations.
Define Sakoku.
Japan's period of self-imposed isolation from the outside world.
What was the Meiji Restoration?
A period of rapid modernization and westernization in Japan from 1868-1912.
Define Bushido.
The code of conduct followed by the Samurai, emphasizing honor and courage.
What are Protectionist Tariffs?
Government-imposed taxes on imported goods to protect domestic industries.
What is a Constitutional Monarchy?
A system of government where the monarch's power is limited by a constitution.
What is infrastructure?
The basic physical and organizational structures and facilities (e.g., buildings, roads, and power supplies) needed for the operation of a society or enterprise.
What are government subsidies?
Financial aid or support extended to an economic sector (or generally) with the aim of promoting economic and social policy.
What is imperialism?
A policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force.
What is economic dependence?
A situation in which less developed countries depend on developed countries for economic assistance, trade, and investment.
Compare Japanese and Russian industrialization.
Japan's was more rapid and comprehensive, driven by internal reforms. Russia's was uneven, state-led, and relied on foreign investment.
Compare the outcomes of industrialization in Japan and Egypt.
Japan became a major global power, while Egypt became economically dependent on Europe.
Compare State-Led and Laissez-faire Capitalism.
State-led is when the government actively directs economic development through policies, investments, and regulations. Laissez-faire capitalism is where the market is largely unregulated.