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Define Cold War.
Geopolitical and ideological struggle between the capitalist United States and the communist Soviet Union.
What is meant by 'superpower'?
A nation with the economic, political, and military strength to exert global influence.
Define 'proxy war'.
A conflict where opposing powers use third parties as substitutes instead of fighting each other directly.
What was the nuclear arms race?
A competition between the US and USSR to develop superior nuclear weapons.
Define 'containment' in the Cold War context.
US policy to prevent the spread of communism.
What is meant by 'ideological conflict'?
A struggle between different belief systems, such as capitalism versus communism.
Define 'satellite state'.
A country that is nominally independent but politically and economically dominated by another.
What does 'espionage' mean?
The practice of spying or using spies, typically by governments to obtain political and military information.
Define the 'Truman Doctrine'.
US policy of providing aid to countries threatened by communism.
What was the 'Marshall Plan'?
US economic aid program to rebuild Western Europe after WWII.
Who was Franklin D. Roosevelt?
US President who attended the Yalta Conference.
Who was Winston Churchill?
UK Prime Minister who attended the Yalta Conference.
Who was Joseph Stalin?
Leader of the Soviet Union during WWII and the early Cold War.
Who was Harry Truman?
US President who succeeded Roosevelt and attended the Potsdam Conference; implemented the Truman Doctrine.
Who was Clement Attlee?
UK Prime Minister who succeeded Churchill and attended the Potsdam Conference.
When was the Yalta Conference?
February 1945.
What was the significance of the Yalta Conference?
Discussed post-war Europe and the defeat of Germany; laid groundwork for future disagreements.
When was the Potsdam Conference?
July-August 1945.
What was the significance of the Potsdam Conference?
Further discussions on Germany; deepened tensions between the US and USSR.
When was the Truman Doctrine announced?
1947.
What was the significance of the Truman Doctrine?
Marked the beginning of US containment policy against communism.
When was the Marshall Plan implemented?
1948.
What was the impact of the Marshall Plan?
Strengthened Western Europe and further divided Europe.
What was the main goal of the Marshall Plan?
To rebuild Western Europe under democracy and capitalism.
When did the Cold War end?
1991, with the collapse of the Soviet Union.