Industrialization's Impact (1750-1900)
What role did technological innovations play in shaping labor systems during late-19th-century industrialization?
They caused rapid urbanization because more workers were needed for manual labor positions than machine operation roles.
They prompted shifts towards factory-based systems, often reducing skilled artisans’ status within the production process.
Technological advancements uniformly improved working conditions across all sectors including agriculture and mining.
Innovations led primarily to an increase in home-based piecework, furthering traditional craft methods globally.
The deforestation of large areas of land during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries was primarily due to what activity?
Conservation efforts gone wrong
Urban park developments
Wildlife habitat creation
Expansion of agricultural land
What was the primary purpose of the British East India Company in the 18th and 19th centuries?
Researching medicinal plants and herbs in the Indian subcontinent.
Exploration for new territories in Africa to colonize.
Trade in spices, cotton, silk, indigo dye, salt, tea, and opium.
Missionary work to spread Christianity throughout Asia.
What good were Peru and Chile known for exporting in mass?
Guano
Palm Oil
Cotton
Maize
In what way did Utilitarianism impact British economic policies concerning labor during the Industrial Revolution?
By advocating laws aimed at maximizing overall happiness, leading to early forms of social welfare legislation.
By reinforcing traditional mercantilist policies that protected domestic industries through tariffs.
By endorsing laissez-faire economics, which discouraged government intervention in business practices.
By demanding equal redistribution of wealth, culminating in progressive income taxation systems.
What was a significant factor in shaping economic reform movements during the industrial revolution?
Rise of religious extremism
Poor working conditions in factories
Introduction of nuclear weapons
The discovery of new trade routes
What was a significant effect of the Opium Wars on China’s economy in the late 19th century?
It caused a boom in the domestic opium production industry.
It resulted in China dominating the global tea trade.
It led to an unfavorable balance of trade due to forced opium imports.
China's silver reserves dramatically increased.

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How might history have changed if Japan did not choose isolationism during most of Tokugawa shogunate?
Japan might lose its national identity due to Western influence.
Nothing significant since Japan was too far behind technologically at that time.
Japan may have experienced earlier industrialization and modernization, possibly affecting Asia's balance of power.
The Edo period wouldn't exist without this isolationist policy.
Brutal methods of forced labor in the Congo Free State were most associated with which product?
Palm oil
Cotton
Rubber
Beef
What innovation primarily facilitated Japanese industrial expansion during the Meiji Restoration by allowing for more efficient production processes?
Iwakura Mission
Charter Oath
Meiji Constitution
Zaibatsu system