#AP World History: Modern - Industrialization & Reactions (1750-1900) 🚀

Hey! Let's get you prepped for the exam with a super-focused review of industrialization and its impacts. We'll break down everything you need to know, making sure you're not just memorizing, but understanding.

#1. The Rise of Labor Unions ✊

This is a huge topic! Expect to see questions about labor movements and their effects.

Industrialization created major problems for workers, leading to the rise of labor unions. Think of it like this: workers realized they were stronger together than alone.

#1.1. Why Unions Formed:

• Poor Working Conditions: Dangerous factories, long hours, and low pay were the norm.
• Income Inequality: Huge gap between factory owners and workers.
• Lack of Bargaining Power: Individual workers had little influence; unions provided collective strength.

#1.2. Key Achievements of Labor Unions:

• Shorter Work Hours: Reduced workdays (e.g., 10 to 8 hours). ⏱️
• Improved Working Conditions: Safer workplaces, better treatment, and regulations to protect workers.
• Increased Wages & Welfare: Higher pay through collective bargaining, plus benefits like pensions and healthcare (especially in Germany). 💰
• Advocated for Workers' Rights: Right to form unions, bargain collectively, and strike.
• Improved Job Security: Protection against unfair dismissal.
• Expanded Suffrage: More men (even those without land) could vote. 🗳️