Revolutions (1750-1900)

Immediate improvement of living conditions for all social classes.

Decline of rural settlements entirely.

Decrease in overall population due to disease spread.

Increase in urban populations.

No social classes would emerge from industrialization.

There would've been no technological innovations in this era.

Factory owners wouldn't make significant profits.

Progress might've slowed due to decreased workforce and increased costs.

The Industrial Revolution in Europe

The French Revolution

The Latin American revolutions for independence

The American Revolution

It resulted in a decline of child labor as mechanization reduced the need for manual workforces.

It reinforced the traditional feudal hierarchy by increasing land ownership among nobility.

It led to the expansion of the middle class due to increased opportunities in commerce and industry.

It diminished the role of urban areas as rural life became more economically significant.

An increase in agrarian societies

The rise of a larger middle class.

Decrease in working-class population.

Expansion of monarchy rule

The global spread of industrialization may have been limited to regions with alternative power sources.

The development of industries reliant on steam power would have been significantly delayed or altered.

The transition from agrarian to industrial societies would have been slower and less impactful.

Alternative sources of power would have been developed and utilized earlier in industrial processes.

They facilitated migration for work, altering demographics and social structures globally.

They solely reduced reliance on human and animal labor reducing employment opportunities worldwide.

They enabled urban workers' return to rural areas strengthening agrarian lifestyles.

They had minimal impact as most non-European societies retained pre-industrial transport methods until late into the twentieth century.

Widespread forests provided obstacles to railroad expansion.

Availability of flat landmasses eased construction.

Mountainous terrains were preferred for building tunnels.

Dense river networks eliminated the need for rail transport.

They stifled labor movements by promoting reliance on state initiatives rather than grassroots organization.

They were irrelevant to labor movements which were primarily driven by religious motivations.

They inspired union formations that fought for workers' rights and better working conditions through collective action.

They encouraged workers to focus solely on achieving higher wages without regard to working conditions or hours.

Rise in nomadic lifestyles

Urbanization

Religious revivals

Agricultural reforms