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Government's Role in Industrialization from 1750-1900

Caleb Thomas

Caleb Thomas

8 min read

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AP World History: Modern - State-Led Industrialization Study Guide πŸš€

Hey! Let's get you prepped for the exam with a focused review of state-led industrialization. We'll break down the key concepts, make some crucial connections, and get you feeling confident! πŸ’ͺ

1. Introduction to State-Led Industrialization

State-led industrialization is when the government takes a leading role in pushing industrial development. Think of it as the government acting like the CEO of a giant company, making the big decisions about where to invest and how to grow. This was a common strategy from 1750-1900. Let's dive in!

Key Concept

State-led industrialization is a model where the government actively directs economic development through policies, investments, and regulations. This is in contrast to laissez-faire capitalism, where the market is largely unregulated.

2. Japan & the Meiji Restoration

2.1. Japan's Isolation and the Arrival of Perry

Japan had been in a period of self-imposed isolation called sakoku for about two centuries. They were like, "Nah, we're good on our own!" πŸ™…β€β™€οΈ But then, in 1853, Commodore Matthew Perry from the U.S. showed up with some big ships and was like, "Hey, open up!" 🚒 This forced Japan to rethink its strategy.

2.2. The Meiji Restoration (1868-1912)

This was a period of massive change. The Japanese were like, "Okay, we need to catch up!" πŸ’‘ They ended the old feudal system and went full speed ahead with modernization and westernization. The Meiji Restoration was a total glow-up for Japan! ✨

Key Changes:

  • End of Feudalism: Goodbye, local lords! πŸ‘‹ Hello, centralized government!
  • Constitutional Monarchy: The Emperor was back in charge, but with a constitution to keep things in check.
  • Equality Before the Law: A new ideal that everyone should be treated the same.
  • Military Reorganization: They built a modern army with conscription (mandatory military service).
  • Education Expansion: More schools were built to train the next generation of engineers and thinkers.
  • Infrastructure Development: Railroads and roads were built to connect the country.
  • Government Subsidies: The government helped out key industries like tea, silk, shipbuilding, and sake. 🍢
Memory Aid

Meiji Restoration = Modernization Revol...

Question 1 of 12

πŸŽ‰ Which of the following best describes state-led industrialization?

A system where private companies control all aspects of industrial growth

A model where the government directs economic development

An economic system with minimal government regulation

An industrialization process completely reliant on foreign investment